Dust jacket from the first edition Author Cover artist Barry Trengrove Country United Kingdom Language English Genre,,, Published 1962 (, UK) Media type Print ( & ) & audio book (, ) Pages 192 pages (hardback edition) & 176 pages (paperback edition) A Clockwork Orange is a novel by English writer, published in 1962. Set in a near future society featuring a subculture of extreme youth violence, the teenage protagonist,, narrates his violent exploits and his experiences with state authorities intent on reforming him. The book is partially written in a -influenced called '. According to Burgess it was a written in just three weeks. In 2005, A Clockwork Orange was included on magazine's list of the 100 best English-language novels written since 1923, and it was named by and its readers as one of the.

The original manuscript of the book has been located at 's in, Canada since the institution purchased the documents in 1971. Contents • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Plot summary [ ] Part 1: Alex's world [ ] is a 15-year-old living in near-future dystopian England who leads his gang on a night of opportunistic, random 'ultra-violence'.

Ingrandire i caratteri pagine web Cucina Italiana in PDF Cucina molecolare. Manager FreePDF Editor Fregola. Ritorno soft all’arancia meccanica. Arancia meccanica di anthony burgess pdf Created Date: 4627+03'00'. Elenco dei libri di Burgess che possono essere scaricati in formato pdf.

Alex's friends ('droogs' in the novel's Anglo-Russian, ') are Dim, a slow-witted bruiser who is the gang's muscle; Georgie, an ambitious second-in-command; and Pete, who mostly plays along as the droogs indulge their taste for ultra-violence. Characterised as a and a hardened juvenile delinquent, Alex also displays intelligence, quick wit, and a predilection for; he is particularly fond of, referred to as 'Lovely Ludwig Van'. The novella begins with the droogs sitting in their favourite hangout, the, and drinking 'milk-plus' — a beverage consisting of milk laced with the customer's drug of choice — to prepare for a night of mayhem. They a scholar walking home from the public library; rob a store, leaving the owner and his wife bloodied and unconscious; beat up a beggar; then scuffle with a rival gang. Through the countryside in a stolen car, they break into an isolated cottage and terrorize the young couple living there, beating the husband and his wife. In a touch, the husband is a writer working on a manuscript called ' A Clockwork Orange', and Alex contemptuously reads out a paragraph that states the novel's main theme before shredding the manuscript.

Back at the Korova, Alex strikes Dim for his crude response to a woman's singing of an operatic passage, and strains within the gang become apparent. At home in his parents' futuristic flat, Alex plays classical music at top volume, which he describes as giving him orgasmic bliss before falling asleep. Alex coyly feigns illness to his parents to stay out of school the next day. Following an unexpected visit from P.R.

Deltoid, his 'post-corrective adviser', Alex visits a record store, where he meets two pre-teen girls. He invites them back to the flat, where he drugs and rapes them. The next morning, Alex finds his droogs in a mutinous mood, waiting downstairs in the torn-up and graffitied lobby. Georgie challenges Alex for leadership of the gang, demanding that they pull a 'man-sized' job. Alex quells the rebellion by slashing Dim's hand and fighting with Georgie, then in a show of generosity, takes them to a bar, where Alex insists on following through on Georgie's idea to burgle the home of a wealthy elderly woman. Alex breaks in and knocks the woman unconscious, but when he opens the door to let the others in, Dim strikes him in payback for the earlier fight. The gang abandons Alex on the front step to be arrested by the police; while in their custody, he learns that the woman has died from her injuries.

Part 2: The Ludovico Technique [ ] Alex is convicted of murder and sentenced to 14 years in prison (His parents visit one day to inform him that Georgie has been killed in a botched robbery). Two years into his term, he has obtained a job in one of the prison chapels playing religious music on the stereo to accompany the Sunday religious services. The chaplain mistakes Alex's studies for stirrings of faith; in reality, Alex is only reading Scripture for the violent passages. After his fellow cellmates blame him for beating a troublesome cellmate to death, he is chosen to undergo an experimental behaviour-modification treatment called the Ludovico Technique in exchange for having the remainder of his sentence commuted. The technique is a form of, in which Alex is injected with nausea-inducing drugs while watching graphically violent films, eventually conditioning him to become severely ill at the mere thought of violence. As an, the soundtrack to one of the films, Beethoven's Fifth Symphony, which in the movie adaptation was substituted by a distorted version of Beethoven's Ninth Symphony, renders Alex unable to enjoy his beloved classical music as before. The effectiveness of the technique is demonstrated to a group of VIPs, who watch as Alex collapses before a bully and abases himself before a scantily-clad young woman whose presence has aroused his predatory sexual inclinations.

Although the prison chaplain accuses the state of stripping Alex of free will, the government officials on the scene are pleased with the results and Alex is released from prison. Part 3: After prison [ ] Alex returns to his parents' flat, only to find that they are letting his room to a lodger. Now homeless, he wanders the streets and enters a public library, hoping to learn of a painless method for committing suicide. The old scholar whom Alex had assaulted in Part 1 finds him and beats him, with the help of several friends.

Two policemen come to Alex's rescue, but turn out to be Dim and Billyboy, a former rival gang leader. They take Alex outside of town, brutalise him, and abandon him there. Alex collapses at the door of an isolated cottage, realising too late that it is the one he and his droogs invaded in Part 1. The writer, F. Alexander, still lives here, but his wife has since died of injuries she sustained in the gang-rape. He does not recognise Alex, but gives him shelter and questions him about the conditioning he has undergone. Alexander and his colleagues, all highly critical of the government, plan to use Alex as a symbol of state brutality and thus prevent the incumbent government from being re-elected.

Alex inadvertently reveals that he was the ringleader of the home invasion; he is removed from the cottage and locked in an upper-story bedroom as a relentless barrage of classical music plays over speakers. He attempts suicide by leaping from the window. Alex wakes up in a hospital, where he is courted by government officials anxious to counter the bad publicity created by his suicide attempt. Placed in a, Alex is offered a well-paying job if he agrees to side with the government. A round of tests reveals that his old violent impulses have returned, indicating that the hospital doctors have undone the effects of his conditioning. As photographers snap pictures, Alex daydreams of orgiastic violence and reflects, 'I was cured all right.' In the final chapter, Alex finds himself halfheartedly preparing for yet another night of crime with a new gang (Lenn, Rick, Bully).

After a chance encounter with Pete, who has reformed and married, Alex finds himself taking less and less pleasure in acts of senseless violence. He begins contemplating giving up crime himself to become a productive member of society and start a family of his own, while reflecting on the notion that his own children will be just as destructive as he has been, if not more so. Omission of the final chapter [ ] The book has three parts, each with seven chapters. Burgess has stated that the total of 21 chapters was an intentional nod to the age of 21 being recognised as a milestone in.

The 21st chapter was omitted from the editions published in the United States prior to 1986. In the introduction to the updated American text (these newer editions include the missing 21st chapter), Burgess explains that when he first brought the book to an American publisher, he was told that U.S. Audiences would never go for the final chapter, in which Alex sees the error of his ways, decides he has lost all energy for and thrill from violence and resolves to turn his life around (a moment of ). At the American publisher's insistence, Burgess allowed their editors to cut the redeeming final chapter from the U.S.

Version, so that the tale would end on a darker note, with Alex succumbing to his violent, reckless nature—an ending which the publisher insisted would be 'more realistic' and appealing to a US audience. The film adaptation, directed by, is based on the American edition of the book (which Burgess considered to be 'badly flawed'). Kubrick called Chapter 21 'an extra chapter' and claimed that he had not read the original version until he had virtually finished the screenplay, and that he had never given serious consideration to using it. In Kubrick's opinion—as in the opinion of other readers, including the original American editor—the final chapter was unconvincing and inconsistent with the book.

Characters [ ] •: The novel's and leader among his droogs. He often refers to himself as 'Your Humble Narrator'. Having coaxed two ten-year-old girls into his bedroom, Alex refers to himself as 'Alexander the Large' while raping them; this was later the basis for Alex's claimed surname DeLarge in the 1971 film. • George, Georgie or Georgie Boy: Effectively Alex's greedy second-in-command. Georgie attempts to undermine Alex's status as leader of the gang and take over their gang as the new leader.

He is later killed during a botched robbery while Alex is in prison. • Pete: The only one who does not take particular sides when the droogs fight among themselves. He later meets and marries a girl named Georgina, renouncing his violent ways and even losing his former () speech patterns. A chance encounter with Pete in the final chapter influences Alex to realise that he grows bored with violence and recognises that human energy is better expended on creation than destruction. • Dim: An idiotic and thoroughly gormless member of the gang, persistently condescended to by Alex, but respected to some extent by his droogs for his formidable fighting abilities, his weapon of choice being a length of bike chain. He later becomes a, exacting his revenge on Alex for the abuse he once suffered under his command. Deltoid: A criminal rehabilitation assigned the task of keeping Alex on the straight and narrow.

He seemingly has no clue about dealing with young people, and is devoid of empathy or understanding for his troublesome charge. Indeed, when Alex is arrested for murdering an old woman and then ferociously beaten by several police officers, Deltoid simply spits on him. • Prison Chaplain: The character who first questions whether it is moral to turn a violent person into a behavioural automaton who can make no choice in such matters. This is the only character who is truly concerned about Alex's welfare; he is not taken seriously by Alex, though. He is nicknamed by Alex 'prison charlie' or 'chaplin', a pun on. • Billyboy: A rival of Alex's.

Early on in the story, Alex and his droogs battle Billyboy and his droogs, which ends abruptly when the police arrive. Later, after Alex is released from prison, Billyboy (along with Dim, who like Billyboy has become a police officer) rescues Alex from a mob, then subsequently beats him in a location out of town. • Prison Governor: The man who decides to let Alex 'choose' to be the first reformed by the Ludovico technique. • The Minister of the Interior: The government high-official who determined that the Ludovico's technique will be used to cut. He is referred to as the Inferior by Alex.

Branom: A scientist, co-developer of the Ludovico technique. He appears friendly and almost paternal towards Alex at first, before forcing him into the theatre and what Alex calls the 'chair of torture'. Brodsky: Branom's colleague and co-developer of the Ludovico technique. He seems much more passive than Branom and says considerably less. Alexander: An author who was in the process of typing his A Clockwork Orange when Alex and his droogs broke into his house, beat him, tore up his work and then brutally gang-raped his wife, which caused her subsequent death.

He is left deeply scarred by these events and when he encounters Alex two years later, he uses him as a guinea pig in a sadistic experiment intended to prove the Ludovico technique unsound. He is given the name Frank Alexander in the film. • Cat Woman: An indirectly named woman who blocks Alex's gang's entrance scheme, and threatens to shoot Alex and set her on him if he does not leave.

After Alex breaks into her house, she fights with him, ordering her cats to join the melee, but reprimands Alex for fighting them off. She sustains a fatal blow to the head during the scuffle. She is given the name Miss Weathers in the film.

Analysis [ ] Background [ ] A Clockwork Orange was written in, then a senescent. Burgess had arrived back in Britain after his stint abroad to see that much had changed. A youth culture had grown, including coffee bars, pop music and teenage gangs.

England was gripped by fears over. Burgess claimed that the novel's inspiration was his first wife Lynne's beating by a gang of drunk American servicemen stationed in England during. She subsequently miscarried. In its investigation of free will, the book's target is ostensibly the concept of, pioneered by such figures as. Burgess later stated that he wrote the book in three weeks. Title [ ] Burgess has offered several clarifications about the meaning and origin of its title: • He had overheard the phrase 'as queer as a clockwork orange' in a London pub in 1945 and assumed it was a expression.

In Clockwork Marmalade, an essay published in the in 1972, he said that he had heard the phrase several times since that occasion. He also explained the title in response to a question from on the television programme in 1972, 'Well, the title has a very different meaning but only to a particular generation of London Cockneys. It's a phrase which I heard many years ago and so fell in love with, I wanted to use it, the title of the book. But the phrase itself I did not make up. The phrase 'as queer as a clockwork orange' is good old East London slang and it didn't seem to me necessary to explain it.

Now, obviously, I have to give it an extra meaning. I've implied an extra dimension. I've implied the junction of the organic, the lively, the sweet – in other words, life, the – and the mechanical, the cold, the disciplined. I've brought them together in this kind of, this sour-sweet word.' Nonetheless, no other record of the expression being used before 1962 has ever appeared. Notes in his Memoirs (1991) that no trace of it appears in 's Dictionary of Historical Slang. • His second explanation was that it was a pun on the Malay word orang, meaning 'man.'

The novella contains no other Malay words or links. • In a prefatory note to A Clockwork Orange: A Play with Music, he wrote that the title was a metaphor for 'an organic entity, full of juice and sweetness and agreeable odour, being turned into a mechanism.'

• In his essay Clockwork Oranges, Burgess asserts that 'this title would be appropriate for a story about the application of or mechanical laws to an organism which, like a fruit, was capable of colour and sweetness.' This title alludes to the protagonist's negative emotional responses to feelings of evil which prevent the exercise of his subsequent to the administration of the Ludovico Technique.

To induce this conditioning, Alex is forced to watch scenes of violence on a screen that are with negative physical stimulation. The negative physical stimulation takes the form of and 'feelings of terror,' which are caused by an medicine administered just before the presentation of the films. Use of slang [ ]. Main article: The book, narrated by Alex, contains many words in a slang argot which Burgess invented for the book, called. It is a mix of modified words, and derived Russian (like baboochka). For instance, these terms have the following meanings in Nadsat: droog = friend; korova = cow; gulliver ('golova') = head; malchick or malchickiwick = boy; soomka = sack or bag; Bog = God; khorosho ('horrorshow') = good; prestoopnick = criminal; rooka ('rooker') = hand; cal = crap; veck ('chelloveck') = man or guy; litso = face; malenky = little; and so on.

Some words Burgess invented himself or just adapted from pre-existing languages. One of Alex's doctors explains the language to a colleague as 'odd bits of old rhyming slang; a bit of talk, too. But most of the roots are Slav propaganda.

Some words are not derived from anything, but merely easy to guess, e.g. 'in-out, in-out' or 'the old in-out' means sexual intercourse. Cutter, however, means 'money', because 'cutter' rhymes with 'bread-and-butter'; this is, which is intended to be impenetrable to outsiders (especially eavesdropping policemen). Additionally, slang like appypolly loggy ('apology') seems to derive from school boy slang. This reflects Alex's age of 15. In the first edition of the book, no key was provided, and the reader was left to interpret the meaning from the context.

In his appendix to the restored edition, Burgess explained that the slang would keep the book from seeming dated, and served to muffle 'the raw response of pornography' from the acts of violence. The term 'ultraviolence', referring to excessive or unjustified, was by Burgess in the book, which includes the phrase 'do the ultra-violent'. The term's association with has led to its use in the media.

Banning and censorship history in the US [ ] In 1976, A Clockwork Orange was removed from an high school because of 'objectionable language'. A year later in 1977 it was removed from high school classrooms in over similar concerns with 'objectionable' language. In 1982, it was removed from two libraries, later to be reinstated on a restricted basis.

Also, in 1973 a bookseller was arrested for selling the novel. The charges were later dropped.

However, each of these instances came after the release of Stanley Kubrick's popular 1971 film adaptation of A Clockwork Orange, itself the subject of much controversy. Writer's appraisal [ ]. Burgess in 1986 In 1985, Burgess published Flame into Being: The Life and Work of D.

Lawrence and while discussing in his biography, Burgess compared that novel's notoriety with A Clockwork Orange: 'We all suffer from the popular desire to make the known notorious. The book I am best known for, or only known for, is a novel I am prepared to repudiate: written a quarter of a century ago, a jeu d'esprit knocked off for money in three weeks, it became known as the raw material for a film which seemed to glorify sex and violence. The film made it easy for readers of the book to misunderstand what it was about, and the misunderstanding will pursue me until I die. I should not have written the book because of this danger of misinterpretation, and the same may be said of Lawrence and Lady Chatterley's Lover.' Burgess has also dismissed A Clockwork Orange as 'too didactic to be artistic'.

Awards and nominations and rankings [ ] • 1983 – (Preliminary Nominee) • 1999 – Prometheus Award (Nomination) • 2002 – Prometheus Award (Nomination) • 2003 – Prometheus Award (Nomination) • 2006 – Prometheus Award (Nomination) • 2008 – Prometheus Award (Hall of Fame Award) A Clockwork Orange was chosen by magazine as one of the 100 best English-language books from 1923 to 2005. Epson Fx 2175 Driver For Windows 8 32 Bit. Adaptations [ ] The best known adaptation of the novella to other forms is the 1971 film by, starring as Alex.

A 1965 film by entitled was an adaptation of Burgess' novel. [ ] In 1987 Burgess published a stage play titled A Clockwork Orange: A Play with Music. The play includes songs, written by Burgess, that are inspired by Beethoven and Nadsat slang. In 1988, a German adaptation of A Clockwork Orange at the intimate theatre of featured a musical score by the German band which, combined with orchestral clips of and 'other dirty melodies' (so stated by the subtitle), was released on the album. The track became one of the band's signature songs. In ' multi-media stage production of A Clockwork Orange, 2003, Los Angeles. (photo: Peter Zuehlke) In February 1990, another musical version was produced at the Barbican Theatre in London by the.

Titled A Clockwork Orange: 2004, it received mostly negative reviews, with of of London calling it 'only an intellectual ', and John Gross of calling it 'a clockwork lemon'. Even Burgess himself, who wrote the script based on his novel, was disappointed.

According to, he called the score, written by and of the rock group, 'neo-wallpaper.' Burgess had originally worked alongside the director of the production, Ron Daniels, and envisioned a musical score that was entirely classical. Unhappy with the decision to abandon that score, he heavily criticised the band's experimental mix of, and. Lise Hand of reported The Edge as saying that Burgess' original conception was 'a score written by a novelist rather than a songwriter'. Calling it 'meaningless glitz', Jane Edwardes of 20/20 Magazine said that watching this production was 'like being invited to an expensive French Restaurant – and being served with a.'

In 1994, Chicago's Steppenwolf Theater put on a production of A Clockwork Orange directed. The American premiere of novelist Anthony Burgess' own adaptation of his A Clockwork Orange starred as Alex.

In 2001, UNI Theatre (Mississauga, Ontario) presented the Canadian premiere of the play under the direction of Terry Costa. In 2002, Godlight Theatre Company presented the New York Premiere adaptation of A Clockwork Orange. The production went on to play at the SoHo Playhouse (2002), Ensemble Studio Theatre (2004), 59E59 Theaters (2005) and the (2005). While at, the production received rave reviews from the press while playing to sold-out audiences.

The production was directed by Godlight's Artistic Director, Joe Tantalo. In 2003, Los Angeles director and the staged a adaptation of A Clockwork Orange, which was named 'Pick Of The Week' by the and nominated for three of the 2004: Direction, Revival Production (of a 20th-century work), and Leading Female Performance. Won Best Actress for her gender-bending portrayal of, the music-loving teenage. This production utilised three separate video streams outputted to seven onstage video monitors – six 19-inch and one 40-inch. In order to preserve the first-person narrative of the book, a pre-recorded video stream of Alex, 'your humble narrator', was projected onto the 40-inch monitor, thereby freeing the onstage character during passages which would have been awkward or impossible to sustain in the breaking of the fourth wall.

An adaptation of the work, based on the original novel, the film and Burgess' own stage version, was performed by The SiLo Theatre in Auckland, New Zealand in early 2007. Release details [ ]. This article's factual accuracy is. Relevant discussion may be found on the.

Please help to ensure that disputed statements are. (May 2013) () • 1962, UK, William Heinemann (ISBN?), December 1962, Hardcover • 1962, US, W.

Norton & Co Ltd (ISBN? Gujarati Ime Font Free Download. ), 1962, Hardcover • 1963, US, W. • Retrieved 2015-11-26.

19 March 1963. Retrieved 19 September 2013.

• Grossman, Lev; Lacayo, Richard (16 October 2005).. Modern Library. Retrieved 31 October 2012 • Humphreys, Adrian (11 November 2012)..

National Post. Retrieved 13 November 2012.

• ^ Podgorski, Daniel (March 1, 2016).. Retrieved April 14, 2016. • Burgess, Anthony (1995). 'Introduction: A Clockwork Orange Resucked'. A Clockwork Orange. • Ciment, Michel (1981).. The Kubrick Site.

Retrieved April 14, 2016. The Floating Library. Retrieved on 2013-10-31. • ^ Ahmed, Samira (3 July 2012).. Nightwaves (Interview).. • A Clockwork Orange () (Paperback) by Anthony Burgess, Blake Morrison xv • Burgess, A.

A Clockwork Orange, Penguin UK, 2011, introduction by Blake Morrison,: « his first wife, Lynne, was beaten, kicked and robbed in London by a gang of four GI deserters ». • A Clockwork Orange (Hardback) by Anthony Burgess, • Camera Three: Creative Arts Television, 2010-08-04. Retrieved: 2012-03-11. • ^ Dexter, Gary (2008). Why Not Catch-21?: The Stories Behind the Titles. Frances Lincoln Ltd.

• Burgess, Anthony (2013).. Profile Books.. • AFP (29 October 2007).. From the original on 16 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-01-15. From the original on 9 January 2008.

Retrieved 2008-01-15. From the original on 5 February 2008.

Retrieved 2008-01-15. • CBS News (30 October 2007).. From the original on 2 January 2008. Retrieved 2008-01-15. • 20 April 2012 at the. American Library Association, 29 March 2007.

(Accessed 24 April 2012)Document ID: a6b9d0cb-cf04-dcc4-e1b3-acda735f48bd • Flame into Being: The Life and Work of D. Lawrence (Heinemann, London 1985) Anthony Burgess, p 205 • A Clockwork Orange (Penguin Modern Classics) (Paperback) by Anthony Burgess, Blake Morrison xxii •. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Time magazine. 16 October 2005. From the original on 19 August 2007.

Retrieved 20 August 2007. • (20 December 1971)... International Anthony Burgess Foundation.

Retrieved 27 March 2015. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-03. • Kavner, Lucas (20 July 2011).. Retrieved 2011-11-28.

• A A A Comments (12 February 2004).. Retrieved 2014-01-03. • A A A Comments (29 April 2004).. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2014-01-03. • Burrows, Melanya (28 January 2005)...

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Further reading [ ] • A Clockwork Orange: A Play With Music. Century Hutchinson Ltd. An extract is quoted on several web sites:, at the (archived 15 December 2005), • Burgess, Anthony (1978). 'Clockwork Oranges'. London: Hutchinson. 'Why I Am Eight Years Younger Than Anthony Burgess'.

At Home: Essays, 1982–1988. New York: Random House. The Encyclopedia of Science Fiction and Fantasy. External links [ ] Wikiquote has quotations related to: Wikimedia Commons has media related to.

• title listing at the • at • at • Comparisons with the Kubrick film adaptation •., • Giola, Ted. At • Priestley, Brenton.